Single Dose Versus Multiple Dose Prophylactic Antibiotics in Cesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction
Choice of antibiotics as prophylaxis has become always crucial for morbidity of women after delivery and neonatal complication associated thereafter. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of single dose versus multiple dose of ceftriaxone in cesarean section.

Methods
A prospective experimental study was carried out in Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Tribhuvan University, Bhairahawa, from May 2015 to October 2016. In 100 patients who had undergone cesarean section were divided in two groups with fifty in each. Patients in group I were treated with single dose of ceftriaxone, whereas patients in group II were treated with multiple dose of ceftriaxone. The data were analyzed using independent "t" test, chi-square test as appropriate. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results
The distribution of Emergency CS and Elective CS were 72% and 28% in prophylactic single dose group and 88% and 12% in postoperative multiple dose regime and was statistically non-significant difference between single and multiple dose ceftriaxone. One wound infection was observed in multiple dose ceftriaxone treated women as compared to single dose ceftriaxone treated women. Febrile morbidity (8%) and UTI (2%) were observed in postoperative multiple dose regimen as compared to prophylactic single dose regimen.

Conclusion
Prophylactic single dose of ceftriaxone is effective in reducing infective morbidity in patients with cost benefit, and also reduces chances of drug resistant in future.